计划维修保养体系（PMS）

目前，较正规的船务公司都实施了计划维修保养体系（PMS，Planned Maintenance System）。PMS被编成软件，便于船舶实现电脑化管理。轮机长对软件使用的熟练程度是内审和船旗国检查等外审的项目之一。公司要对轮机长进行使用软件的培训，并配给软件使用说明书。该软件使用说明书。该软件一般分四大模块：

Ø        船长证书管理系统（Master Document Control System）;

Ø        报告和记录系统（Reporting and Recording System）;

Ø        计划维修保养系统（Planned Maintenance System）;

Ø        人员管理系统（Personnel Management System）。

被列入计划维修保养体系中的设备按公司规定的船员职责进行分类，有关人员按系统规定的时间进行设备的维修保养和软件系统的数据更新，人员管理系统主要是对使用软件的人员进行身份验证，不允许更新其他人负责的数据。轮机长是PMS实施的主管人员，除负责自己的项目外，还要对其他人的工作进行检查。拆检设备前要在“HISTORY”栏目中察看原来的检修记录，要清楚更换过的主要备件使用时间。设备检修完后，要把该设备的使用时间归零，在“REMARK”栏目中要记录全面的拆检（Overhaul）的原因，拆检前设备的状态，所作的检修工作，检修后设备的状态和更换的主要备件。在每个月的月底，轮机长应检查机舱全体轮机员负责的项目，除特殊情况外，不应留有到期而未完成的项目。并把该软件内的数据要复制出来，通过电子邮件发往公司。机舱被列入计划维修保养体系的设备如下：

1.      Main Engine

①      Cylinder Covers;

②      Cylinder Liners;

③      Pistons;

④      Crosshead Pins & Bearings;

⑤      Crank Pins & Bearing;

⑥      Crank Journals & Bearing;

⑦      Fuel Pumps;

⑧      T/Chargers & Scavenge System;

⑨      Crankcase & Shafting;

⑩      Other Ancillary Components;

⑪      Starting System;

⑫      Exhaust Valves;

⑬      Control Automation.

2.      Generator

①      Generator No.1;

②      Generator No.1;

③      Generator No.3.

3.      Auxiliary Equipment

①      Boiler NO.1;

②      Boiler NO.1.

4.      Air Handling Equipment

①      No.1 Main Air Start System;

②        No.1 Main Air Start System;

③        Utility Air Start System.

5.      Purifiers, Strainers & Filter

6.      Pumps

①      Fresh water Pumps;

②      Sea Water Pumps;

③      Lube Oil Pumps;

④      Fuel Oil Pumps;

⑤      Filer/Strainers.

7.      Heat Exchangers

①      Coolers;

②      Heaters.

8.      Air Condition System

①      Accommodation Air condition;

②      ECR Air condition.

9.      Provision Fridge System

①      No.1 System;

②      No.1 System;

10.  Blowers

①      Electrical Equipment;

②      Generator;

③      Switchboards;

④      Control & Instrumentation;

⑤      Others.

11.  Other Ancillary Equipment

12.  Steering Gear

13.  Checklist for Operation Maintenance, Inspections and Testing (PMS Checklist)

In addition to the scheduled maintenance tasks in the PMS, the planned maintenance record form PMS-C for daily, weekly and monthly operational maintenance, inspection and testing shall be complied with as required. Compliance with these checklists to be recorded in the deck/engine logbooks, and reported to office in the deck/engine monthly log abstracts with deficiencies, if any The PMS-C consists of checklist No.1 as follows:

Check List No.1 Weekly (Engine Department);

Check List No.2 Monthly (Engine Department);

Check List No.3 Before Operation/Arrival/Departure (Engine Department);

Check List No.4 Lubrication Schedule (Deck Department);

Check List No.5 Monthly (Deck Department);

Check List No.6 GMDSS System.

14.  Emergency Preparedness

For equipment and technical systems, the sudden failure of which may lead to hazardous situations, the regular testing of standby equipment and operational tests/maintenance are included and integrated in the planned maintenance system.

The following items which are essential for emergency preparedness for all vessels are marked with an asterisk (*) in the PMS:

①      Test and Changeover of Main Propulsion Engine Controls;

②      Test and Changeover of Power Generation Engine Controls;

③      Life Boat Operation;

④      Standby Pumps Auto Starting;

⑤      Bilge Pumping Arrangement (Hold, Engine Room) and Alarms;

⑥      Emergency Generator and Lighting;

⑦      Steering Motors Operation;

⑧      Oily Water Separator.

15.  In addition to the above, following apply to tankers only

①      Inert Gas System;

②      Tank Gauging System;

③      O.D.M.E;

④      Pump Room Bilges Pumping Arrangement and Alarms.

轮机长还应根据公司的指示以及本船的特殊情况添加项目。对原有的项目根据船龄的长短和设备的状态，可适当地更改维修保养周期，并报告公司备案。

轮机长应在每月初在电脑中搜索出轮机部当月的应维修保养项目，打印出来交大管轮安排执行，并随时对执行情况进行监督检查。

摘自《实用外派轮机长业务》P13-P16 大连海事大学出版社